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Samuel Johnson's ''Life of Mr Richard Savage'' (1744), short title is ''Life of Savage'' and full title is ''An Account of the Life of Mr Richard Savage, Son of the Earl Rivers'', was the first major biography published by Johnson. It was released anonymously in 1744, and detailed the life of Richard Savage, a London poet and friend of Johnson who had died in 1743.〔(Life of Mr Richard Savage ) Literary Encyclopedia Accessed October 2006〕 The biography contains many details of Savage's account of his own life, including claims that he was the illegitimate child of a noble family that quickly disowned and abandoned him at birth. Savage had led a controversial life, and Johnson used the material to try to answer some wider ethical questions.〔 The text was later included in ''The Lives of the Poets'', published in 1779, and this work is attributed as one of the important steps for Johnson becoming a biographer in his later years. The biography was well received and was the source of early praise for Johnson. This praise has continued 200 years after its original publication, and it has been described as "one of the best short biographies in English".〔(Richard Savage ) Encyclopædia Britannica, Accessed October 2006〕 ==Background== The ''Life of Savage'' was not Johnson's first biography. In 1740 he wrote short biographies of Jean-Philippe Baratier, Robert Blake, and Francis Drake.〔Clingham p. 161〕 Before this time, between 1737 and 1739, Johnson was close to Savage. Savage was both a poet and a playwright, and Johnson was reported to enjoy spending time and discussing various topics with him, along with drinking and other merriment. However, that lifestyle could not continue, and Savage was encouraged by his friends to move to Bristol and clean up his life. He was unable to accomplish this which led to him being sent to debtors' prison and dying in 1743.〔 However, in 1744, Johnson wrote his first serious "life", the ''Life of Mr Richard Savage'', in honour of his friend, Richard Savage.〔 Immediately after Savage died, various periodicals were printing biographical material on the dead poet.〔Lane p. 98〕 Edward Cave, Johnson's publisher, encouraged Johnson to put together a life of his friend.〔 Johnson began to collect as many letters and biographical details as he could and, with his extensive history with Savage, produced his work.〔Lane p. 98-99〕 Johnson dedicated a large portion of his time to the work, and was able to produce, as he claimed, "forty-eight of the printed octavo pages of the life of Savage at a sitting, but then I sat up all night."〔Lane p. 100〕 Johnson finished the work just before the Christmas of 1743 and was paid fifteen guineas.〔 It was published anonymously and contained almost 200 pages.〔 It was immediately successful, but it was not the financial success that Johnson or Cave wanted nor did it extend Johnson's reputation at the time.〔 However, it did form an important beginning for Johnson as a biographer, and the work was later included in his ''Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets'' series.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Life of Mr Richard Savage」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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